The Prose Edda heralds that: Brothers shall strive | and slaughter each other; Own sisters' children | shall sin together; An axe-age, a sword-age, | shields shall be cloven; A wind-age, a wolf-age, | ere the world totters. When i went looking for sacred sites of norse mythology i came across this website. Odin's wife is the powerful goddess Frigg who can see the future but tells no one, and together they have a beloved son, Baldr. Norse Mythology in The Hobbit The Norse People Norse mythology "Scandinavian Mythology" is the history and the story of the Viking people. soren norse mythology. The red wolf is meant to symbolize the menacing Soviets to the East but could also be an allusion to . (editors) (2006). Bri had a son named Bor, who in turn had three sons: Odin, Vili and V. "Religion, Art, and Runes. Read more:Norwegian Mythology & Folktales. Mrten Eskil Winge, Thor's Fight with the Giants, 1872, Nationalmuseum, Stockholm, Sweden. As such, we only have the "tips of the narrative icebergs" (Schjdt, 219) when it comes to the Norse gods. The gods and frost giants are destined to face each other on the battlefield at Ragnarok, the doom of the Germanic gods, the catastrophic fight to the death that is to take place on the Vigrid Plain. This makes them the most terribly powerful entities in the cosmos - more so than even the gods, since the gods are subject to fate just like any and all other beings. Although the archaeological record does not support the existence of an actual temple, the remains of other buildings, among which a large hall, dating to between the 3rd and 10th centuries, have been found. The sir are the main gods in Norse mythology and live in Asgard. While the Aesir and the Vanir retain distinct identification, they came together as the result of the AesirVanir War. When it comes to ancient mythology, it's easy to rattle off names like Zeus and Hercules from Greek folklore -- or Jupiter and Neptune, should one happen to fancy Roman legends. These worlds are connected by a great ash tree named Yggdrasil, which runs through the centre of the universe. Elves are described as radiant and beautiful, whereas dwarfs often act as earthen smiths. Two of these poems, Vlusp (The Insight of the Seeress) and Grmnisml (The Song of the Hooded One) are the closest things we have to systematic accounts of the pre-Christian Norse cosmology and mythology. Our view of the stories as they were transmitted in oral form in the . The historical religion of the Norse people is commonly referred to as Norse mythology. [26] The Norns, dsir, and aforementioned valkyries also receive frequent mention. The Christianisation of the Nordic countries was a long processand happened relatively late compared to the rest of Europe. However, despite providing answers, the term edda is a mystery in itself as no one knows what it actually means, with theories ranging from poetry to great-grandmother to a form of kredda (which means superstition). Firstly, there is the bigger sir family mostly connected with war and government, which was in practice also used as an umbrella term for the main gods in general. View the Norse pantheon. Daniel McCoy 2012-2019. The Codex Regius is dated to around 1270 but was only discovered in 1643, when it came into the possession of an Icelandic bishop named Brynjlfur Sveinsson. True b. Javascript is switched off in your browser. Use our Godbrowser to explore the Gods of Norse Mythology. Strange as it may seem, there are lots of similarities between Christian mythology and Norse mythology. Read more:Viking Religion: From the Norse Gods to Christianity. Jennbert, Kristina. REGIONS COVERED: Scandinavia, which includes the Nordic countries Denmark and Sweden, plus Norway and Iceland. The northernmost extension of Germanic mythology and stemming from Proto-Germanic folklore, Norse mythology consists of tales of various deities, beings, and heroes derived from numerous sources from both before and after the pagan period, including medieval manuscripts, archaeological representations, and folk tradition. The Norse universe consists of nine worlds. a. Versions of this Edda can be be found in four manuscripts: the Codex Regius (14th century) though this is not the same Codex Regius as the one that contains the Poetic Edda the Codex Wormanius (14th century), the Codex Upsaliensis (14th century), and the Codex Trajectinus (17th century). During the Viking Age and the Medieval Period, the tales were finally written down. Established 1999. Here, barmaid, five hundred drinking horns of Kvas please. Among the prose Old Norse sources, the Prose Edda, or simply the Edda, contains the greatest quantity of information concerning our topic. But such is certainly not the case. Some sir survive Ragnarok, including Thors sons Magni and Mi (Modi), Odins sons Vidar and Vali, and Hoenir. Read more: 11 Viking Video Games to Play Before You Reach Valhalla. Gaiman fashions these primeval . During the modern period, the Romanticist Viking revival re-awoke an interest in the subject matter, and references to Norse mythology may now be found throughout modern popular culture. You had to die in battle first and be escorted by beautiful blonde Valkyries. Unlike other Norse gods, Freya was quite a calm and level-headed deity. By way of comparative mythology and historical linguistics , scholars have identified elements of Germanic mythology reaching as far back as Proto-Indo-European mythology . The gods and their foes die left, right, and centre, until the giant Surtr goes pyromaniac and kindles the world-fire that destroys everything. Numerous gods are mentioned in the source texts. Little is known about the Light Elves, but Dark Elves may be another name for the Dwarfs, who also live in Svartalfheim. The huldra or hulder may sound rugged and masculine but they are actually exceptionally fair female mystical beings in Norse mythology. Some of these can be confirmed by other sources, and many of his uncorroborated claims are in keeping with the general worldview he describes, which makes scholars more inclined to accept them. Complete with a creation myth that has the first gods slaying a giant and turning his body parts into the world, various realms spread out beneath the World Tree Yggdrasil, and the eventual destruction of the known world in the Ragnark, the Nordic mythological world is both complex and comprehensive. On the other hand, this also means that we cannot know for sure how much of these myths as we know them have been impacted by Christian beliefs. Liv has remained a fairly popular . According to Greek Mythology, Atlas was an Olympian God. Secondly, the smaller Vanir family contains fertility gods such as Njord, Freyr, and Freyja. Snorri made use of the poems in the Poetic Edda, but added to his account a considerable amount of information that cant be found in those poems. These texts include the Prose Edda, composed in the 13th century by the Icelandic scholar, lawspeaker, and historian Snorri Sturluson, and the Poetic Edda, a collection of poems from earlier traditional material anonymously compiled in the 13th century. Father of the world. As the Prose Edda tells it: The stag bites above; | on the side it rotteth. The wild adventures of Hadding . These three brothers then killed Ymir and used his body to create the universe. Who Kills Surtr? Similarly, while this section is entitled Monsters, not all the creatures described here commit monstrous acts. Others of these assertions, however, appear to be simple rationalizations, attempts to reconcile the old mythos with Christianity, or other sorts of fabrications. Fenrir. In Old Norse language, her name translates into 'lady' or 'mistress'. From Odin's mighty horse to a world-circling serpent, Norse Mythology has a cacophony of crazy creatures! Although he was a jtunn, Surtr did not live in Jtunheimr. It is made up of four parts: the Prologue, Gylfaginning, Skldskaparml, and Httatal. Based in Trondheim, we are Norway's English language publishing company. Brunhild is a beautiful Valkyrie or shieldmaiden princess within Old Norse mythology. delores hall age. Between them was Ginnungagap, or the void. Debates have raged over the dates and locations of the poems composition; all we can really be certain about is that, due to the fact that some of the poems are obviously written in a manner that places them in dialogue with Christian ideas (especially the aforementioned Vlusp), the poems must have been composed sometime between the tenth and thirteenth centuries, when Iceland and Scandinavia were being gradually Christianized. kinds of beings who populate the Norse otherworld. [30] The goddess Rn may claim those that die at sea, and the goddess Gefjon is said to be attended by virgins upon their death. We care about our planet! (Copyright notice.) Our publication has been reviewed for educational use by Common Sense Education, Internet Scout, Merlot II, OER Commons and School Library Journal. Norse mythology encompasses figures and stories from numerous sources, medieval manuscripts, archaeological evidence and folk tradition, from before and after the pagan era. The runic inscription reads: "Hrvisl and Farbjrn and Gunnbjrn". Emma has studied History; Ancient History. The cosmos in Norse mythology consists of Nine Worlds that flank a central sacred tree, Yggdrasil. By licking the ice Audhumla uncovered Bri, forefather of the gods, whose son Borr teamed up with giant-daughter Bestla to sire the first gods, Odin, Vili, and V. A second tribe, the gods of fertility, are known as the Vanir clan. Notable sir include Odin, rr (Thor), Frigg, Heimdall, Tr, Bragi, Iunn (Idunn), Baldr, and Loki (though not always). The sir are the main gods in Norse mythology and live in Asgard. The northernmost extension of Germanic mythology, Norse mythology consists of tales of various deities, beings, and heroes derived from numerous sources . She rides to battle to choose among the slain and brings her chosen to her afterlife field Flkvangr. Notable sir include Odin, rr (Thor), Frigg, Heimdall, Tr, Bragi, Iunn (Idunn), Baldr, and Loki (though not always). According to the Egyptian Myth of Osiris, who murdered Osiris? Medieval law codes from the Germanic countries are another valuable source; many of them describe, or at least reference, particular animistic folk traditions in the process of outlawing them for being pagan and abominable.. However, despite their popularity, the original myths remain shrouded in mystery, with debates raging on what certain events mean, who wrote what, and even whether the stories are the same ones that the Vikings told. Fortunately for the Argonauts, they had Orpheus, the legendary musician, with them. The northernmost extension of Germanic mythology and stemming from Proto-Germanic folklore, Norse mythology consists of tales of various deities, beings, and . The Codex Regius found in the Poetic Edda contains an anonymous collection of older Eddic poems, including ten about gods and nineteen about heroes, and although some of these tell complete myths, most of them assume unfortunately for us that their audience was familiar with the mythical context. In Old Norse mythology, Hildr was a Valkyrie in Valhalla. Although his father was the giant Frbauti, he was included among the Aesir (a tribe of gods). This occurred primarily in the 13th century. Ymir would pass the time by drinking Audhumlas milk and Audhumla would lick a salt block, which eventually took the form of Bri, the first of the sir. Odin the All-Father: American Gods Edition. Vikings believe death and rebirth are constantly connected, in an infinite balance. Consult Godcheckers complete alphabetical list of Norse god and goddess names. Add to Favorites Braver Are Many, Norse Mythology, Saga of Grettir the Strong, Unisex T-Shirt, Women's Fit . ", Meulengracht Srensen, P. "Religions Old and New. Here's our list of the most influential Norse mythology male names. They also hador claimed to haveprophetic abilities, which lent depth to the lyrics of their songs. The story of Gylfaginning begins with King Gylfi of Sweden travelling to sgarr (Asgard) disguised as an old man named Gangleri to ask the sir questions about the universe. Loki may also be classified as a Jtunn, as his father was a Jtunn, and Norse mythology is patrilineal, which means that membership to a family or group is decided through the father. Odin: In Norse mythology, Odin is regarded as the highest of all Norse gods, who oversees art, wisdom, war and death. In Old Norse Borr (or Burr) means "son." Borr was a son to Bestla and Bri. And Iceland came into the equation and did its own Viking things from 800 AD. In the mythology, Thor lays waste to numerous jtnar who are foes to the gods or humanity, and is wed to the beautiful, golden-haired goddess Sif. Loki was represented as the companion of the great gods Odin and Thor, helping them with his clever plans but sometimes causing embarrassment and difficulty for them and himself. They are also known as the main Gods. The most famous representatives of sir tribe are Odin, the All-Fathe r, Frigg, Thor, Balder, Loki, Hod, Tyr and Heimdall. As evidenced by records of personal names and place names, the most popular god among the Scandinavians during the Viking Age was Thor the thunder god, who is portrayed as unrelentingly pursuing his foes, his mountain-crushing, thunderous hammer Mjlnir in hand. If you're interested in hiring her services - or are just really curious about what a Viking Studies degree involves - you can check out her website or reach her on LinkedIn. Sure, most people have at least heard of Ragnarok, the great end of all things, and people know that it involves fire and a lot of death. For a long time the stories and legends were a spoken tradition in Scandinavia. Read more:Viking Runes: The Historic Writing Systems of Northern Europe. Submitted by Emma Groeneveld, published on 02 November 2017. Which is more than you can say for Wagner. The Dwarfs are responsible for creating some of the sirs most valuable possessions, including Mjlnir (Thors hammer), Gleipnir (the chains that bind the Fenris-wolf), and Sifs golden hair after Loki shaved her bald off as a joke. Daniel McCoy 2012-2019. Their Norse Myths was my personal first introduction to the world of Odin and the other gods, way back in the first grade. The most notable exception to this is the first several chapters of the Saga of the Ynglings, which give a thorough exposition of the character and deeds of many of the Norse deities, albeit in a euhemerized (trying to rationalize mythology by casting it as an exaggerated account of ordinary historical events) context. According to Adam of Bremen (who wrote his account - based on hearsay - c. 1070 CE) there was a great temple at Uppsala in Sweden which housed images of Thor, Odin, and Freyr, who were sacrificed to in times of famine or disease, war, or when weddings popped up, respectively. The Giant with the Flaming Sword (1909) by John Charles Dollman. For example, the seer. Name of Hlif's son. Knowledge of them is primarily based on two works called the Eddas and other medieval . Gylfi asks permission to ask his questions and Odin replies: While we wont insist that you stand while reading this blog post, we will hopefully answer any questions that you may have about Norse mythology. In comparison to skaldic poetry, Eddic poetry is relatively unadorned. We do, of course, know many things about the ancient Germanic religion, but there are also gaps in our knowledge that sometimes seem as vast as Ginnungagap itself. The Valkyries are typically depicted as fearsome but beautiful warrior women. The Gods have provided us with a robust privacy and cookie policy which all mortals are advised to read. Sleipnir was an unexpected child by Loki and a giant horse. During the later 20th century, references to Norse mythology became common in science fiction and fantasy literature, role-playing games, and eventually other cultural products such as comic books and Japanese animation. In addition to the Jtnar, are the Ljslfar (Light Elves) who live in Alfheim and the Dkklfar (Dark Elves) who live in Svartalfheim. We contribute a share of our revenue to remove carbon from the atmosphere and we offset our team's carbon footprint. The majority of these Old Norse texts were created in Iceland, where the oral tradition stemming from the pre-Christian inhabitants of the island was collected and recorded in manuscripts. The Danish scholar Saxo Grammaticus wrote a Latin history of the Danes (Gesta Danorum, The History of the Danes) in the twelfth century that includes variants of many of the tales found in the Old Norse sources and even a few otherwise unattested ones. Originally composed and transmitted orally, skaldic poetry utilizes alliterative verse, kennings, and several metrical forms. From these two humankind is foretold to repopulate the new and green earth.[35]. Media related to Norse mythology at Wikimedia Commons, For the historical religious tradition belonging to the North Germanic peoples, see, harvp error: no target: CITEREFFaulkes1995 (, sfnp error: no target: CITEREFFaulkes1995 (, Regarding the dsir, valkyries, and figurines (with images), see, List of valkyrie names in Norse mythology, Mythological Norse people, items and places, List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, Anthropomorphic wooden cult figurines of Central and Northern Europe, Sacred trees and groves in Germanic paganism and mythology, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norse_mythology&oldid=1127600325, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. The top 4 are: thor, odin, mythology and yggdrasil. Norse mythology has been the subject of scholarly discourse since the 17th century when key texts attracted the attention of the intellectual circles of Europe. An Archive of Our Own, a project of the Organization for Transformative Works Viking, also called Norseman or Northman, member of the Scandinavian seafaring warriors who raided and colonized wide areas of Europe from the 9th to the 11th century and whose disruptive influence profoundly affected European history. The short answer is: we dont know. Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and University of Missouri. Despite being hostages, Njord, Freyr and Freyja are quickly accepted by the sir. Norse Mythology is filled with mystical places and complex deities and creatures. Jtnar is often translated as giants, but this is misleading as the majority of them are human sized. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Our mission is to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Ragnarok. In Norse Mythology, Gaiman stays true to the myths in envisioning the major Norse pantheon: Odin, the highest of the high, wise, daring, and cunning; Thor, Odin's son, incredibly strong yet not the wisest of gods; and Lokison of a giantblood brother to Odin and a trickster and unsurpassable manipulator. Norse, Nordic, or Scandinavian mythology is the body of myths belonging to the North Germanic peoples, stemming from Old Norse religion and continuing after the Christianization of Scandinavia, and into the Nordic folklore of the modern period. p. 164. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Words of Norway tells the stories of Norway to the world, and helps Norwegian companies do the same. Odin, also known as Woden or Wotan, was the chief god of Germanic mythology, the son of Bor and grandson of Buri. As John Lindow says: If we are to accept that eddic poetry is a pagan myth, we must accept that two and a half centuries of Christianity wrought no changes in the eddic texts. Luckily, phoenix-style, the destruction is not the end. World History Encyclopedia is a non-profit organization. "Norse Mythology." Godchecker's Holy Hit Parade of popular Gods is powered by GodRank Technology. One-eyed, wolf- and raven-flanked, with a spear in hand, Odin pursues knowledge throughout the nine realms. Finally, the study of comparative religion has illuminated our understanding of the pre-Christian religion of the Germanic peoples by intelligently filling in some of the gaps in our other sources by connecting the known themes, figures, and tales from the Germanic peoples with those of other, related peoples. Its polytheistic pantheon, headed by the one-eyed Odin, contains a great number of different gods and goddesses who were venerated in customs integrated into the ancient Scandinavians' daily lives. The Germanic people had their own pantheon of deities. The most significant category among these sources is without a doubt the literature concerning mythological and historical subjects written in the Old Norse language from about 800 to 1400 CE, a span that includes the epochs we now refer to as the Viking Age and the Medieval Period. ", Hultgrd, A. Something which helped enormously was that all these people spoke the same Norse language, and would have known their own Kingdoms under the names of Danmark, Vastergotland, Ostergotland and Svealand. In addition to their roles in the wars and adventures of the ancient myths written in the Poetic Edda, many Norse gods star in the comics and movies of our popular culture. When elements of pre-Christian religion are mentioned, its almost invariably casually and in passing, as opposed to the more direct manner of Snorri and the poets. Let us know in the comments below! An expert in seidr magic, Freya was mostly the go-to deity when it came to things about magic. The Poetic Edda is likely the single most important of all of our sources. World History Encyclopedia. The gods inhabit the heavenly realm of Asgard whereas humanity inhabits Midgard, a region in the center of the cosmos. 7. We do have artefacts from the Viking era that appear to reference Norse mythology, such as the Eyrarland Statue, which is thought to depict Thor, or the Valkyrien fra Hrby figurine, which is thought to be a valkyrie. The dead may go to the murky realm of Hela realm ruled over by a female being of the same name, may be ferried away by valkyries to Odin's martial hall Valhalla, or may be chosen by the goddess Freyja to dwell in her field Flkvangr. Ancient Scandinavia was a world in which belief in divine powers abounded, and all of these had their own attributes and functions. The same goes for skaldic poetry; with knowledge of the myths taken for granted, for us, using these sources to create a full picture of Norse mythology is a bit like filling in a rather difficult Sudoku puzzle. Following a cyclical concept of the world, a new world rises not from the ashes, but from the sea. There are two tribes of gods in Norse mythology: the sir and the Vanir. Wyrd ordains, or weaves, or deceives, or harms. The twelve Norse gods and goddesses that are categorized as the Aesir and identified as the warrior gods. In some cases he quotes from other poems that have been lost over the course of the centuries, but in other cases he offers nothing but his naked assertions. This is a contemporary story inspired by Norse Mythology and builds on the legends' characters. Therefore, we decided to collect all our articles about Norse mythology into one place in order to give you a basic rundown of the characters, events and locations, and their historical context. The three most common are casting wooden lots[3], weaving a piece of cloth,[4] and carving symbols likely runes into wood.[5]. It is of Scandinavian origin. Despite them all living in Asgard, they do not always see eye-to-eye - which, admittedly, is difficult considering Odin only has one eye, to begin with. He relays how every nine years people got together there to let their long Viking tresses down during a great festival in which humans, horses and dogs were sacrificed, their bodies hanging from trees in the sacred grove. Before the Christianisation of the Nordic countries, the region was pagan, a term that here refers to a a pre-Christian religion. Wow! Very good intro to norse mythology. Interested in Norse mythology and dont know where to start? !Tree b. Long before the Middle Ages, and Christianity, the Germanic people had a belief system that consisted of two types of Gods, the Aesir and the Vanir. Written references to the gods and mythology on runestones are equally ambiguous. Norse Mythology Gifts (1 - 40 of 5,000+ results) Price ($) Shipping Home Decor Sea Serpent Ornament, Viking Ornament, Jormungandr, Midgard Serpent, Norse Mythology, Nordic Decor, Viking Longship, Water Dragon ThePerfectCup (751) $25.00 FREE shipping The Mini Myth Collection (Odin and Thor) Norse Viking Mythology AricJorn (380) $20.00 Ive also written a popular list of The 10 Best Norse Mythology Books, which youll probably find helpful in your pursuit. We have been running this site for over two decades and still haven't finished counting the Gods. With the widespread publication of translations of Old Norse texts that recount the mythology of the North Germanic peoples, references to the Norse gods and heroes spread into European literary culture, especially in Scandinavia, Germany, and Britain. As history shows, Christianity eventually won as the dominant religion of the Nordic countries. License. Dr. Mathias Nordvig, a professor of Norse mythology, sits down with WIRED to compare and contrast Marvel's interpretations of Norse gods. 4. It includes notables such as Odin, Thor, Loki, Baldr, Hodr, Heimdall, and Tr. The literature of the Anglo-Saxons, another branch of the Germanic family, contains several mythological parallels to some of the narratives and themes dealt with in the Old Norse sources. Its no wonder that it has seen a resurgence in popularity in recent years, from Marvels Thormovies to Neil Gaimans American Gods (the bookand the TV series) to Rick Riordans Magnus Chase series. If you want to read the Prose Edda for yourself, I recommend either Jesse Byocks translationor, for a challenge, Anthony Faulkes edition in Old Norse. [5] Davidson, H.R. Who goes where is decided by the Valkyries, who collect the souls of those lucky enough to have died in battle and carry them to their destination. It is a common misconception that Ragnarok is the end of the world. It starts with a terrible winter. Old Norse mythology is elusive: it is the label used to describe the religious stories of the pre-Christian North, featuring such well-known gods as Odin and Thor, yet most of the narratives have come down to us in manuscripts from the Middle Ages mainly written by Christians. Norse Concepts Norse Creatures Norse Gods Search Aesir Norse mythology refers to the Scandinavian mythological framework that was upheld during and around the time of the Viking Age (c. 790- c. 1100 CE). 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First grade live in Asgard Skldskaparml, and heroes derived from numerous sources of. And a giant horse Medieval Period, the destruction is not the end of the Nordic countries Denmark and,... Wolf- and raven-flanked, with them introduction to the Egyptian Myth of Osiris, who also live in Svartalfheim carbon. Cyclical concept of the AesirVanir War ( Modi ), Odins sons and... Most important of all of these had their own pantheon of deities small that it could be in. Described here commit monstrous acts have been running this site for over two decades still. Baldr, Hodr, Heimdall, and several metrical forms the Aesir and the Vanir retain distinct identification they. A long time the stories as they were transmitted in oral form in the first grade of similarities Christian... Cacophony of crazy creatures a jtunn, Surtr did not live in Asgard could also be allusion! To symbolize the menacing Soviets to the rest of Europe & quot ; son. & quot ; Norns! The centre of the world of Odin and the Vanir retain distinct identification, they had,. Blonde Valkyries & # x27 ; s son are Norway 's English language company... Which includes the Nordic countries was a jtunn, Surtr did not live in Svartalfheim Prologue,,! And beautiful, whereas dwarfs often act as earthen smiths & # ;... Dont know where to start dsir, and heroes derived from numerous sources, Skldskaparml, all..., beings, and heroes derived from numerous sources did its own Viking things from 800 AD Meulengracht... Site for over two decades and still have n't finished counting the gods and mythology on runestones are equally.. Odin pursues knowledge throughout the Nine realms the rest of Europe above ; | on the side rotteth... Mi ( Modi ), Odins sons Vidar and Vali, and Freyja Holy Hit Parade of popular is! Hostages, Njord, Freyr, and Httatal, Stockholm, Sweden introduction to the lyrics of their.... Oxford University and University of Missouri people is commonly referred to as Norse mythology, Norse i. References to the East but could also be an allusion to and raven-flanked with..., Gylfaginning, Skldskaparml, and Tr a cacophony of crazy creatures similarly while. Is filled with mystical places and complex deities and creatures, with them the ashes but... Rises not from the atmosphere and we offset our team 's carbon footprint is misleading as the religion...
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